According to @adam3us, spam-related activity currently accounts for about 1.5% of the Bitcoin fee market, with a crude estimate that roughly 1% of excess fees comes from spam rather than standard transactions and that spam displaces other transaction fees, source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025. According to @adam3us, if fees remain persistently higher, miners respond by buying more ASICs, source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025. For traders, this dynamic can expand network hash rate and lead to higher future difficulty, directly affecting on-chain transaction costs and settlement timing, so monitor fee rates and the next difficulty adjustment window, source: Bitcoin.org Developer Guide; source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025.